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Several days passed without food, and Rachet was renous. She climbed out of the tire late in the afternoon and scanned the field. Something moved in a cluster of old milkweeds. A mouse? She stalked it. But it wasn’t a mouse. It was a butterfly emerging from its chrysalis that was hanging from a dried leaf. Rachet watched it pull its The Cats of Roxville Station （Excerpt IV）
《羅克斯维尔火车站的猫》（节选四）
文/琼·克雷格黑德·乔治 译析/吴文安
By Jean Craighead Georgesix black legs out of the chitin box in which it had been changing from caterpillar to butterfly for the past two weeks. She gathered her feet under her for a pounce, but suddenly the tan creature shook its nubbin wings. They filled with fluid and expanded. The orange-and-black wings grew like a Japanese water flower. In moments Rachet was looking at a monarch butterfly. The cat in her wanted to play with this creature, but instead she purred. She purred only in the presence of a living creature, be it just a butterfly.
This pleasant purr filled the butterfly’s world. It had no ears, but it felt the vibrations on its antenna and lifted its wings. The young butterfly hesitated, then took a bearing on the angle of the sun’s rays and flew off. It was on a ruler-straight line for Mexico. As it went it would fly around buildings and tall obstacles and come back to that straight-line course until it finally arrived in the mountains of Mexico. Hanging from a pine needle, it would spend the winter with millions of other monarch butterflies that had migrated from North America, making the mountainside glow.
Watching it fly over the died milkweed patch, Rachet was aware of a slight tremor in the grass nearby and pounced！ She had a mouse.
This time holding it tightly in her teeth, she carried the mouse back to her tire and ate. It was delicious. She could hunt. She would live.
Rachet curled up tightly in the tire and closed her eyes. At dusk she went out prowling again.
She did not go very far before a storm blew in from the south, bringing rain. Cheeks, the chipmunk, stopped gathering acorns at the first drops and ran to his home in a stone pile by the bridge. He took a trail he had made through and around the rocks, went down a long tunnel in the earth below them, and stopped in his pantry. He stored his acorns, then scrambled down his runway for a visit to his tidy latrine. When the rain began to fall heily he was in his bedroom/living room.
Mike, who headed home still looking for Rachet, climbed over his fence and ran up the back steps of the Victorian house where he lived. It was known as the “haunted house.” An older woman, Mrs. Dibber, lived there. Before her husband had died of cancer two years ago, she had taken in Mike, who was then an eleven-year-old orphan. The state paid her for fostering him, and he did the chores.
几天过去了,都没有食物,拉齐特饿极了.傍晚时分,她爬出轮胎,扫视那块荒地.有东西在一片干枯的马利筋丛里动了一下.一只老鼠?拉齐特悄悄靠近它.但那不是老鼠.那是一只蝴蝶,正从挂在干叶子上的茧壳中爬出来.拉齐特在旁边观望,看它把六只黑色的腿从角质素外壳中抽出来.过去的两周时间里,正是在那个壳里它从毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶.拉齐特四脚收回,作势欲扑,但是那个棕褐色的东西突然抖了抖片状的翅膀.翅膀上满是液体,然后伸展开.那对橙黑相间的翅膀舒展开,像是一朵日本睡莲.片刻之间,展现在拉齐特面前的就是一只黑脉金斑蝶.拉齐特出于猫的本能想跟这只蝴蝶玩一会儿,最后只是咕噜了一声作罢.她只有在活物面前才会发出咕噜声,即便仅仅是一只蝴蝶.
然而这一高兴的咕噜声震动了蝴蝶的世界.蝴蝶没有耳朵,但它能用触角感觉到震动,于是抬起了翅膀.这只初生的蝴蝶犹豫了一下,选择了太阳光的方向,飞走了.这是朝向墨西哥的直线方向.在它的行进过程中,它会绕过建筑物和高高的障碍物,再回到直线轨迹上,直到最终到达墨西哥的山区.它会自己挂到松针上,跟其他数以百万计的黑脉金斑蝶一起过冬.那些蝴蝶也都是从北美迁徙而来,它们一起让墨西哥的那片山坡熠熠生辉.
拉齐特正看着蝴蝶飞过那片枯死的马利筋,突然觉察到附近草丛里有轻微的颤动,于是扑了过去.她抓到了一只老鼠.
这一次,拉齐特用牙齿把老鼠紧紧地咬住,带回自己的轮胎那里,然后吃掉.太美味了.她能捕猎.她可以活下去了.
拉齐特在轮胎里紧紧地蜷缩着身子,闭上了眼睛.黄昏时,她再次出门搜寻食物.
她还没走太远,一阵暴风雨就从南面袭来,风雨交加.花栗鼠奇克斯在雨刚刚落下时就不再收集橡树果,跑回家中.他的家在大桥旁边的石堆里.在岩石中间和岩石旁边,奇克斯有自己踩出来的小路.他走过这段路,又钻进地面之下一条长长的隧道,最后停在自己的储藏室里.奇克斯放下收集来的橡树子,沿着自己的跑道爬下去,光顾了一次自家整洁的厕所.雨越下越大时,奇克斯已经待在自己的卧室兼客厅里了.
迈克一边往家走一边寻找拉齐特.他翻过篱笆,沿着那座维多利亚式房子后面的台阶上去.他住在那里.那座房子被叫作“鬼屋”.有一位年老的女士,迪波夫人,住在那里.两年前,她的丈夫因为癌症去世.在此之前,迪波夫人就收养了迈克.那时候迈克11岁了,是个孤儿.州政府因为她收养迈克给她资助,而迈克可以做家务.
【背景知识】拉齐特开始了艰难的独自求生,并且吸取教训,捉到了第一只老鼠.这一选段里,作者还借助拉齐特的目光观察周边的自然环境,介绍了黑脉金斑蝶、花栗鼠的生活习性.不愧是科普性生态文学.主人公迈克所住老屋也出场了.
【第一段】这里有一种英汉语言的差别值得注意,即英语的不定冠词翻译方法.英语中的不定冠词加名词组合（a + noun）翻译为中文时不宜全部转换为“一个+名词”.有时候中文可以灵活表达.比如,for a pounce,就不必翻译为“为了扑一下”,这是少见的中文表达,译文是“作势欲扑”,更符合中文习惯.原文有一个短语chitin box（角质素盒子）,实际指毛毛虫的茧壳.原文有科普意义,译文中要灵活对待.原文中还使用了三次creature（生物）,借助猫咪视角,传递一种科普含义,也是有趣的视角,因为作为一只小猫咪,对周遭的事物并不了解,充满了好奇.倒数第二句中的the cat in her（她身上的猫性）意思是她有猫的好奇本能,译文没有直译,明晰化为“出于猫的本能”.
【第二段】该段可以称为传神的科普段落,生动地展现了黑脉金斑蝶天生的方向感以及按季节迁徙的习性.最后一个单词glow传递的画面逼真而动人：数以百万计的蝴蝶挂在松针上,让整片山坡闪耀着蝴蝶的辉光.
【第三段】意外之喜.猫咪没有准备的扑杀,竟然捕获了一只老鼠.译文添加了“突然”,让上下文联系更紧密.
【第四段】原文简单的叙述充满了感情.拉齐特吸取教训,紧紧咬住老鼠,不想再次失去猎物.最后的三个短句借助全知视角,对第一次成功捕猎大加赞扬.
【第六段】这一段借助猫咪引出她的邻居花栗鼠,又是科普作品的特点之一.第一句中bringing rain的译文为“风雨交加”,稍加增益.原文后面描写花栗鼠不慌不忙地回家,有条不紊地生活,从容而优雅,字里行间充满了作者对大自然以及野生动物的喜爱和赞美.花栗鼠有自己的专用小道、长长的隧道、储藏室、自家整洁的厕所、自家的跑道,以及客厅和卧室.译文“光顾了一次自家整洁的厕所”意在再现原文隐含的幽默感.
【第七段】这一段文字简约,语义丰富.鬼屋出现,迪波老妇人也出场了.原文暗示她收养迈克纯粹是出于私心（让他做家务）,并非是多么爱他.这为后来她严禁迈克养猫做好了铺垫.倒数第二句译文使用了分句技巧,把原文的一句话分译为三句话.这样译文更符合中文习惯.
【小结】这一选段把生态文学和科普作品结合得非常好,在描述主要人物猫咪以及迈克的同时,向读者介绍了黑脉金斑蝶以及花栗鼠的生活习性.原文翻译的难度并不大,但用词十分考究,字里行间寓意丰富,译者需要深入体会原作的用心,并在译文中再现原文的意蘊和趣味.□
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